Science articles

A team of international astrophysicists, including Dr Maria Lugaro from Monash University, has discovered a new explanation for the early composition of our solar system.

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New research questioning the value of Pap smears in those under 25 has prompted calls by some experts for a review of Australia's cervical cancer screening program.
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AFP - The US space shuttle Endeavour should land back on Earth Friday as planned after a 16-day mission to service the International Space Station, a NASA official said, while cautioning about Florida's unstable weather at this time of year.

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SPACE.com - Armchair astronomers have helped discover a batch of tiny galaxies that may help professional astronomers understand how galaxies formed stars in the early universe.
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AFP - More than 1,000 people protested for a second day in central China on Thursday over pollution from a chemical plant that they say has sickened locals and poisoned surrounding farmlands, residents said.

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A student team in the Virginia Tech College of Engineering is providing the blind with an opportunity many never thought possible: The opportunity to drive.

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Conventional means of internal reinforcement for concrete member in buildings involve steel bars. Yet for structures that function in harsh environments like coastal regions, or for structures that support sensitive equipment, such as magnetic resonance imaging units; the use of fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) is emerging as a valuable option, due to its natural resistance to corrosion, its high strength, light weight, transparency to electrical and magnetic fields and ease of manufacturing and installment.

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As lawmakers debate how to pay for an overhaul of the nation's health care system, a new report from The Commonwealth Fund projects that including both private and public insurance choices in a new insurance exchange would save the United States as much as $265 billion in administrative costs from 2010 to 2020. Congressional leaders are attempting to keep 10-year federal budget costs of health care reform legislation under $1 trillion.

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The President of the American Chemical Society, Thomas H. Lane, Ph.D., issued the following statement today on President Obama's nomination of Francis Collins, M.D., Ph.D., to be Director of the National Institutes of Health (NIH): "At no other time in recent memory has there been such a sense of opportunity — and expectation — in the power of science to deliver solutions to the grand challenges facing our nation, and indeed, all of humanity. As the nation's largest source of basic research funding, NIH will be looked to, to lead and deliver.

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The findings of a major new study are consistent with gradual changes of current systems in the North Atlantic Ocean, rather than a more sudden shutdown that could lead to rapid climate changes in Europe and elsewhere.

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Significant sea ice formation occurred in the Arctic earlier than previously thought is the conclusion of a study published this week in Nature. "The results are also especially exciting because they suggest that sea ice formed in the Arctic before it did in Antarctica, which goes against scientific expectation," says scientific team member Dr Richard Pearce of the University of Southampton's School of Ocean and Earth Science based at the National Oceanography Centre, Southampton (NOCS).

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Software that securely scrambles footage of anyone who is not a suspect should ease privacy fears over surveillance cameras
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The engineer and entrepreneur tells Paul Marks about his inventive inspirations, his return to robotics, and how 3D printing could lead to open-source inventing
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It's not only humans that can learn from watching television – software has worked out the basics of sign language in just 10 hours
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Reflectors planted on the lunar surface may provide the first cracks in Einstein's theory of gravity, says Stuart Clark
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The behaviour of proteins that are popular with researchers is more likely to be reported inaccurately than that of their less fashionable counterparts
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The tremendous diversity of life continues to puzzle scientists, long after the 200 years since Charles Darwin's birth. However, in recent years, consistent patterns of biodiversity have been identified over space, time organism type and geographical region.

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Selenium is a trace element crucial to life - too little or too much of it is fatal. In the July 17 issue of the journal Science, researchers at Yale University and University of Illinois at Chicago detail the molecular mechanisms that govern its metabolism in the human body.

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Genetics researchers have unveiled a powerful new resource for scientists and health providers studying human illnesses--a reference standard of deletions and duplications of DNA found in the human genome. Drawn from over 2,000 healthy persons, the study provides one of the deepest and broadest sets of copy number variations (CNVs) available to date, along with a new research tool for diagnosing and identifying genetic problems in patients.

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Back in June 1991, just before the launch of NASA's Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory, astronomers knew of gamma rays from exactly one galaxy beyond our own. To their surprise and delight, the satellite captured similar emissions from dozens of other galaxies. Now its successor, the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, is filling in the picture with new finds of its own.

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With NASA's Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, astronomers now are getting their best look at those whirling stellar cinders known as pulsars. In two studies published in the July 2 edition of Science Express, international teams have analyzed gamma-rays from two dozen pulsars, including 16 discovered by Fermi. Fermi is the first spacecraft able to identify pulsars by their gamma-ray emission alone.

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AP - Two astronauts ventured out on the first spacewalk of Endeavour's space station visit Saturday to help install a porch on Japan's expansive lab.

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SPACE.com - For stubborn folks who still believe the Apollo astronauts never landed on the moon, NASA has new images - definitive proof - that clearly show the Apollo 11 lander that carried the first astronauts to the lunar surface 40 years ago.
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NASA's newly launched Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter has snapped images of hardware left on the moon by the Apollo astronauts
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Our bodies digest food, rather than incinerate it, a fact that makes the way we count calories flawed and may help explain why so many of us are overweight
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Six volunteers emerge after spending three months in a capsule designed to test the isolation of a trip to Mars.
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Wired reports that the viral video reportedly of an "unknown lifeform" that was recorded in a sewer in Raliegh, North Carolina is a colony of tuibifex worms.

"They seem to respond to the light from the camera," says Ed Buchan, environmental coordinator at the Raleigh Public Utilities Department. "That light is pretty hot." Buchan also said, "We were surprised. We didn't know immediately what it was."

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This cute bird that likes to have its head scratched does have some Furby characteristics ike BuzzFeed and other blogs are suggesting. The bird in the video is likely a Malaysian Eagle Owl. The one in this video does not appear to be afraid of people.

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Treehugger reports that conservationists in Australia have turned to sheepdogs to help them protect a colony fairy penguins.

A colony of fairy penguins on Warrnambool's Middle Island off the south coast of Australia has dwindled dramatically due to attacks by foxes and wild dogs. However, their numbers are rising again thanks to their new bodyguards - two Maremmas, an Italian breed of sheepdog that bonds with the flock or herd of animals it is protecting.

The idea began as an experiment but the sheepdogs have proven to be successful. Middle Island Maremma Project manager Ian Fitzgibbons says, "We've had our best penguin count since we began in 2006 with over 80 birds counted in one night and I think we have about 26 chicks on the island too." You can see a photo of the sheepdogs used to protect the little penguins here.

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